I
have long noticed a strong correlation between stupid people and people who
don't agree with me. Perhaps you've
noticed the same phenomena?
The English
actor Colin Firth noticed the same thing but in an almost tongue-in-cheek
experiment took it further. He decided
that people who strongly opposed his views must have something wrong with their
brains, so he funded MRI scans for a group of them! How English!
And lo and
behold the experiment showed he was right!
Now, Colin
Firth holds strong liberal views – that is, Liberal as opposed to Conservative
views – as most actors do. What the MRI
scans revealed about those with strong conservative views was that they all had
enlarged amygdalas. Now the amygdala is
part of the ‘limbic system’ – that part of our brain which is emotionally wired
and evolved for black and white decision-making.
Limbic brain
thinking demands fast and clear decisions – right/wrong, good/bad, run/don't
run. In situations where immediate
decisions are essential, for example the rhinoceros is charging at you,
weighing up the pros and cons and talking through all the options is probably
not in the best interests of your survival.
The limbic brain demands closure – knowing that there are lions about
but not knowing exactly where, is not a question to let slip from the mind or to
be left for another time. And the limbic
brain is an evolutionary attribute of all mammals – it is emotionally wired, it
provides rapid (almost instant) awareness of what others of our kind are doing
and how they are reacting and therefore deals with herd instinct, its good at
self-programming for automated responses and developing specific physical skills
through repetition and practice. And it’s
the part of the brain that can be consciously reprogrammed by some types of personal
development work.
Over the top
of the limbic brain we humans have evolved the cerebral cortex – the part of
our brain that deals with complexity, language, maths and higher cognitive
functions. It gives us the ability to
think about thinking, to reflect, to create, to socialise – and to form our own
views on reality. Of course, as humans
we all have both the limbic system and the cerebral cortex, but it appears that
one can dominate the other. It's easy to
demonstrate that under the influence of alcohol or stressful situations the cerebral
cortex becomes impaired and we revert to the more basic limbic responses… well
at least I do!
What Colin Firth's
experiment gave a glimpse into is an exciting recent discovery called neuro-plasticity,
meaning that our brains change physically to provide more and better of the
type of thinking that we habitually employ.
The implications are huge!
Suddenly we have an insight into why some otherwise intelligent people
can continue to hold views that deny science, for instance.
When the
limbic brain dominates, it becomes most important for us to know what ‘we’
believe, to run with the herd, to keep the faith, and most importantly to
resist taking any non-herd-conforming decisions or actions. In short, go for the minimum personal risk
option – think and act conservatively.
And to read from the prayer book of what ‘we’ believe, is to reinforce
the authority of those beliefs – recent psychological studies have shown that the
most powerful influence on conservative thinkers is the need for ‘authority’.
It's not that
climate deniers, to label one group, are stupid – rather it is that if they
were to accept specific scientific facts as valid it would directly threaten
the integrity of their dominant thinking system. And since that system does not deal in
reasoning, the acceptance of inconvenient facts can threaten identity itself. If my ‘limbic identity’ is threatened I will
automatically revert to herd survival behaviour – I immediately switch to
instinctual responses and become impervious to ‘facts’.
So the limbic
system directs the cerebral cortex to argue for authoritative conservation of
the status quo. And what we hear then is
rationalisation of primitively-formed limbic beliefs rather than any form of evidence-based
reasoning.
And thanks to
neuro-plasticity, the more the amygdala is used, the bigger and more powerful
it becomes – and the more we want simple answers to complex questions:
- · Carbon tax – are you for or against?
- · Economic growth is essential to prosperity – right?
- · Our religion is the only true religion – right?
So, does the
size of your amygdala determine your voting preferences? According to a new book, ‘The Republican
Brain’ by Chris Mooney the answer is ‘Yes, but it’s not quite that simple’. It’s our psychological profiles that underpin
all our life choices and choices are also influenced by circumstance – well at
least that’s true if the cerebral cortex is in charge!
At this time
in history we can ill-afford to be run by our amygdala. We should have a healthy integrated emotional
connection with others, but our cerebral cortex surely needs to be driving.
How can you
tell what’s driving your thinking? How
strong is your need for closure; your need for simple answers; your need for an
external authority to believe in; your need to belong to a group; your need to
support one football team; your need to vote for the same old political party?
And if you
find a strong need lurking in examples such as those, what would you have to
let go of in order to free up that powerful free-thinking cerebral cortex?
Blind faith
is easy – its thinking that’s hard, but that’s what the world needs now!